In particular, we first show that any instance of the TBR-RS problem can be decomposed into an instance of an SPR-RS problem, and an instance of a Rooting problem (defined in the next section).
The reduction-based techniques aim at transforming the argumentation problem at hand into an instance of a different problem (SAT, ASP, etc)., thereby delegating the burden of computation to existing systems.
The reductions required to show the completeness of these problems typically require the construction of what has come to be known as a gadget – i.e. a constituent of an instance of one problem which can be used to simulate a constituent of an instance of a different problem.
Mr. Olson said he had mixed feelings about the Eighth Circuit's decision, saying it may have identified an instance of a real problem while allowing it to be aired in the wrong forum.
That's always the prospective argument while this stuff is happening, of course, but in retrospect it hasn't recently turned out to be true.This looks to me like an instance of a broader problem we're having in American discourse these days: an over-ubiquity of non-zero-sum thinking.
In an interview last week, Mr. McConnell said the issue in the case, Christian Legal Society v. Martinez, No. 08-1371, wan an instance of a larger problem of intolerance for disfavored views, one that sometimes affects gay groups and at other times religious ones.
The dependence of the effect of legal language on context is an instance of a general problem about communication, which philosophers of language have approached by distinguishing semantics from pragmatics.
Interactive spell checking is an instance of a general problem that is characterized by doubt as to the correctness of an input, and the need to correct the input or offer a set of possible corrections.
Each MC sample, i.e. set of randomly drawn flux capacities, defines an instance of an optimization problem.
These quantized values of gene expression leave us with an instance of a combinatorial optimization problem, the -k-Feature Set problem [13], [627], [628].
An instance of such a problem consists of a set of variables V and a set of constraints C, where each constraint is an ordered triple of distinct elements from V. The goal is to construct a linear ordering α on V such that, for each constraint (a,b,c ∈C, the ordering of a, b, c induced by α is in Π.
