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At study day 1, the patients underwent an incremental workload test on a cycloergometer to determine the maximum level capacity.
At initiation, the patients underwent an incremental workload test on a cycloergometer to determine the maximum level capacity.
On a separate visit, participants underwent an incremental workload running test on a treadmill with a monitored electrocardiogram (Quinton Q4500, Quinton, Bothell, WA) to determine peak oxygen consumption (V̇ o2peak).
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This test is carried out during a constant or incremental workload and indicates disturbed oxidative metabolism.
Furthermore, exercise tests performed at a fixed proportion of peak incremental workload capacity do not provide the same physiological stress among individuals.
CET performed at this fixed proportion of peak incremental workload capacity does not cause identical physiological stress among patients [ 12].
An important barrier is that the established 6MWT and constant or incremental workload tests require trained staff, space and equipment [ 6], which is not commonly available in many practice settings [ 7].
For adolescents >15 years of age, initial workload was 70 W for girls and 100 W for boys, and incremental workload was 35 W. Workload was increased every third minute until exhaustion for children and adolescents <15 years of age, and every second minute until exhaustion for adolescents >15 years of age.
Initial and incremental workloads were 20 W for children weighing <30 kg and 25 W for children weighing ≥30 kg.
CPET was then performed as a multistage incremental "ramp workload" study using a cycle ergometer and a metabolic cart with standardized exercise software (Medgraphic Cardio-2CP system, Medical Graphics Corporation, St. Paul, MN, USA) for breath-by-breath analysis of gas exchange.
Similarly, we expect that young people with a higher incremental domestic workload and a steeper reduction in time transfers after transition to adulthood will be less eager to leave the "gilded cage" (Cook and Furstenberg 2002) of the parental family.
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