It has been reported that women with low weights have an increased risk of fetal growth retardation [ 33], which can be explained by an increased rate of vasoconstriction and decreased serum glucose levels due to poor diet and decreased blood pressure, provoking reduced placental perfusion [ 34].
These data imply that cells lacking functional MRE11 accumulate topoisomerase-DNA covalent complexes in the absence of drug, either through an increased rate of production or decreased rate of resolution.
In immortalised continuous cell lines, such as CHO cell line, net expansion of a clone is not only achieved by an increased rate of proliferation but a decrease in the apoptotic rate as well.
It has been suggested that one such mechanism could be a high rate of post-ganglionic cardiac sympathetic traffic whereby the locally increased rate of translocation of neurotransmitter vesicles to the membrane surface and an increased rate of exocytosis result in decreased regional 123I-mIBG uptake and higher washout.
In the present study the results showed an increased rate of survivors but a decreasing trend in death in CVD among young women.
The question is, whether the age-related increase in DSB observed in fibroblasts and lymphocytes is due to an increased rate of damage or a decreased rate of repair.
Patients with rectal cancers, comprising approximately 30% of these cases, are known to have an increased rate of local recurrence and decreased survival time compared with patients with tumours of the colon, a result due primarily to the surgical constraints imposed by the location of the rectum within the pelvis (Wolpin et al, 2007).
Chloroquine in combination with Tm increased LC3-II accumulation to a greater degree than chloroquine alone or Tm alone, confirming that the enhanced LC3-I to LC3-II conversion observed during ER stress is due to an increased rate of autophagy rather than a decrease in autophagosome degradation (Fig. 5D and E ).
Low body temperature in newborns can lead to an increased rate of basal metabolism, peripheral vasoconstriction, decreased peripheral perfusion, tissue ischemia and finally metabolic acidosis [ 4].
Increased HNE-metabolizing capacity in GSTA4-4-transfected cells appeared to result in an increased rate of proliferation as well as decreased cell death by preventing PARP and caspase activation.
There are two mechanisms by which an increase in new cell number can occur; (1) an increased rate of proliferation; and/or (2) a decreased rate of cell death.
