There is no (explicit) logic to predict the probability of occurrence of failures due to some hardware or software property, for instance.
One benefit of this kind of south-to-south knowledge management initiative would be a more systematic and user-friendly gray literature derived from documentation of program implementation framed by explicit logic models, which could significantly contribute to the global community's collective understanding of what works under different conditions.
But the first extended treatment of probability as an explicit part of logic was George Boole's The Laws of Thought (1854).
They do not investigate formal logic or deductive inference, nor formulate an explicit notion of logical consequence.
The algebra of logic, as an explicit algebraic system showing the underlying mathematical structure of logic, was introduced by George Boole (1815 1864) in his book The Mathematical Analysis of Logic (1847).
The study of the logic that governs the interrelationships amongst incentives, strategic interactions and outcomes has been fundamental in modern political philosophy, since centuries before anyone had an explicit name for this sort of logic.
In a similar way the first justification logic \ \textsf{LP}\) is an explicit counterpart of modal \({\textsf{S4}}\).
34 Had programme designers undergone an explicit process of developing a programme logic model and unpacked the assumptions underpinning the design, some of these issues might have been flagged earlier.
The basic justification logic \({\textsf{J}}_0\), and its extension with a constant specification \({\textsf{J}}_{CS}\), is an explicit counterpart of the smallest normal modal logic \({\textsf{K}}\).
Logical Awareness, as expressed by axiomatically appropriate Constant Specifications, is an explicit incarnation of the Necessitation Rule in Modal Logic: \(\vdash F \Rightarrow \vdash \Box F\), but restricted to axioms.
