The phrase "an example of vicariance" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used in discussions related to biology, ecology, or evolutionary theory, particularly when illustrating a concept where species are separated by geographical barriers leading to divergence.
Example: "The separation of the two populations by the mountain range is an example of vicariance, demonstrating how physical barriers can influence species evolution."
Alternatives: "a case of vicariance" or "an instance of vicariance".
Speciation in this case is a result of vicariance, where populations diverge into distinct species in isolation.
In view of these potentially confounding issues, in general, it is remarkable that we have uncovered even a single possible case of vicariance.
However, the paucity of examples of Gondwanan vicariance in plants may largely reflect our rank-oriented focus on groups that end up not being old enough to be relevant for this particular biogeographic question.
In this respect it is noteworthy that the several possible examples of Gondwanan vicariance that we have highlighted here all involve lineages that have only recently been discovered and are either unnamed (e.g., the split between Goodeniaceae and Asteraceae + Calyceraceae) or only recently named (e.g., Bruniales).
A pattern of vicariance, dispersal, and vicariance + dispersal among disjunctly distributed taxa was uncovered based on RASP analysis.
Our results suggest a dual role of vicariance and natural selection in differentiating populations of a passerine bird in an oceanic island at very small spatial scales.
Likewise, estimates of E2) were a reliable indicator of detecting H 1 under this special asymmetrical case of vicariance (H 1 ).
The genus Astyanax provides an ideal model to investigate the relative importance of vicariance and dispersal on biogeographical patterns.
For palaeontologists, there could be a tendency to view life in terms of vicariance, particularly driven by the ancient distribution of continents and plate-tectonic shifts.
G. theklae sensu stricto is structured in two distinct genetic groups (theklae and superflua) for which the current repartition and divergence date obtained from MDIV analysis suggest a separation in two distinct Maghreban refuges during the penultimate Pleistocene glacial event around 150 KYA (Table 1; for other examples of E-W vicariance in the Maghreb see [ 73, 74]).
