Although the diagnostic workup immediately revealed a vascular anomaly of the distal ileum, the exact differentiation between a hemangioma and a complex vascular malformation could not be made.
It is stated as a generalized pseudo-spectral method which performs exact differentiation by using simultaneously several approximation spaces generated by polynomials bases and suitable choices of port-variables.
Each problem is computed on a time-deforming mesh with three methods used to calculate the mesh velocities: from exact differentiation, from the integration of an acceleration equation, and from numerical differentiation of the mesh position.
In the second proposed approach, the robust exact differentiation via second-order sliding mode theory, known as Levant differentiator, is employed to decrease derivative estimation error in the process of estimation.
The formulation developed in the paper uses exact differentiation to obtain the descent direction and can be applied to any type of planar mechanism.
Since the exact differentiation mechanism mediated by graphene substrate is not fully understood, the efficiency of the process remains to be improved.
The advantages of the algorithm are that no exact differentiation is necessary if the value of sliding mode order is equal to the relative degree ρ and the discontinuous gain is minimized via a preliminary nonlinear feedback.
Our ongoing research to identify specific mucins present in pancreatic cyst fluid, using MS, could enable more exact differentiation between the various mucinous and non-mucinous cyst types.
For some in vitro applications (such as toxicological assessments), it is essential to know the exact differentiation state and functionality of the cells being used.
However, due to the very low frequency of circulating HBV- and HCV-specific CD4+ T cells, very little is known about the exact differentiation and function of these cells.
Methodological differences may also contribute to the high rate of non-concordant results in our study: The exact differentiation of Streptococcus species by genomic methods for instance is known to be difficult and some of the many Streptococcus pneumoniae mPCR results might reflect this problem [ 9].
