Exact(3)
And then, the model is changed to an equivalent error model by using error transformation.
This represents an ≈40 times lower computational cost for an equivalent error in two-dimensional computations.
Since the first term of ϱ depends nonlinearly on V, [56, Section 3.2] introduces an equivalent error estimator η with local contributions η T (T, h (T ) ; V ) 2 ≔ h T 2 ∫ T (| ∇ u | p − 1 + h T | f | ) q − 2 | f | 2 d x + h T ‖ [ F (∇ V ) ⋅ n ] ‖ L 2 (∂ T ∩ Ω ) 2 for all T ∈ T and all V ∈ S 0 1 (T ).
Similar(57)
To achieve robustness we propose a TS fuzzy observers combined with sliding mode that deals with unmeasurable premise variables, bounded uncertainties in the plant and allows fault estimation based on an equivalent output error injection approach.
A contour index (CI) is evaluated geometrically, which can be treated as an equivalent contour error such that a reduction in CI implies a reduction in contour error.
The equivalent error is a function of the gear position and is related to the errors of the driving and the driven gears and to the non-dimensional stiffness of the teeth.
This paper considers fault detection and estimation issues for a class of nonlinear systems with uncertainty, using an equivalent output error injection approach.
A equivalent meshing error analysis on different types of gear errors in the external and internal meshing line for star gearing system respectively.
Finally, based on these results, we introduce two simpler equivalent error estimators.
In this experiment, we also include the equivalent error in the FOV, which is denoted as F σ e.
The results presented indicate essentially equivalent error levels for both the hydrostatic and nonhydrostatic systems of equations for the present case of airflow over an isolated mountain.
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