Exact(4)
Under the Clause, an entity performs a work publicly when it "transmit[s]..
Congress also enacted the Transmit Clause, which specifies that an entity performs publicly when it "transmit[s]..
This is relevant because when an entity performs to a set of people, whether they constitute "the public" often depends upon their relationship to the underlying work.
This matters because, although the Act does not define "the public," it specifies that an entity performs publicly when it performs at "any place where a substantial number of persons outside of a normal circle of a family and its social acquaintances is gathered". Ibid.
Similar(56)
This section shall not apply to employees of an entity performing services pursuant to a written contract with the Institute.
It is then but a short step for the Ego to transcend its singularity through the act of defining an "ego" to be an entity performing that same function for itself.
Inconveniently for the Justice Department, the U.S. Supreme Court has said the fact that a "private entity performs a function which serves the public does not make its acts state action". The Supreme Court has held that, under voucher programs, government does not place children in schools; the placements are made by parents empowered by vouchers.
Henceforth, a centralized approach is understood as one in which a single entity performs all computation about traffic optimization or the pricing policy, or a single entity concentrates the necessary information for the computation.
(This legislation can easily be found at http://www.thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?110:s.495:.) The major difference between the CA law and S. 495 is that notice of a breach need not be given if the entity performs a risk assessment and determines that there is no significant risk that the security breach will result in harm to individuals.
It allows a group of robots to move as a unique entity performing the following functions: obstacle avoidance at group level, speed control and modification of the inter-robot distance.
Problem arises when a human plays with an entity that performs human like actions.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com