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To experience an empty duration is to perceive sequence, while full duration corresponds to the temporal length of a stimulus.
If we perceive time's passage, it's because we perceive change, and for us to perceive change the time must be somehow filled; an empty duration alone won't stimulate our awareness.
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Experimentally, the perception of empty duration is found to vary with the sense that marks the limits.
If no peaks are detected, then an empty (zero-duration) interval is produced as output.
One interval can be perceived as longer or shorter than the next when the difference is about 7 to 10 percent (both full and empty durations).
In Experiment 1, rats were trained in a within-subjects design to discriminate durations of a filled interval, and durations of an empty interval (an unfilled interval marked at the beginning and end by a 500 ms tone).
In (3), is the transmission packet rate for the VoIP codec used and is the duration of an empty SLOT.
As shown in Figure 1, one slot can have the duration of an empty slot (defined by the standard) or last the transmission time of either a successful transmission or a collision.
Ts and Tc are the average time the channel is sensed to be busy because of successful transmission or collision, respectively, while T i is the duration of an empty slot time.
While an overt estimate of the duration of an empty interval was required in the temporal generalization task, temporal regularities in stimulus presentation allowed for enhanced preparation and speeded motor performance in the temporal expectancy task.
Our explicit temporal generalization task required overt estimation of the duration of an empty interval bounded by visual markers, whereas our temporal expectancy task presented visual stimuli at temporally predictable intervals, which facilitated motor preparation thus speeding target detection.
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