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In an empty control room, boxy PCs sat on workstations against a wall.
In a rabbit defect model, the groups treated with PLCL scaffolds exhibited significantly enhanced cartilage regeneration compared to groups harboring an empty control or PLGA scaffolds.
Each chamber had a central area and four centrally-linked compartments containing different types of environmental enrichment: 1) an empty control, 2) a prey-simulating toy, 3) a perching opportunity, and 4) a hiding opportunity.
Birds were tested under two different scenarios representing increasing EC, once with one long panel (single) once with four staggered small panels (quad) and once in an empty control arena (void).
Selected formulations (1 1 and 3 1 with 50 150 μm DBM) were evaluated in vivo compared to an empty control to investigate the effect of DBM dose and construct properties on bone augmentation.
The total amount of DNA added in each transfection was kept constant by addition of an empty control vector.
Single infection with an empty control virus or Nanog alone did not produce any colonies (Fig. 1B).
Neither Opa-positive, nor Opa-negative meningococci were internalized by 293 cells transfected with an empty control vector (pcDNA) (Fig. 2A and B).
Yeast transformed with either an empty control plasmid or a plasmid expressing the AtDUT1 cDNA were examined for their growth on 5FU-containing medium.
Whilst transfection of cells with an empty control vector did not drive IFN-α promoter activity, transfection with a plasmid expressing IRF7 resulted in efficient stimulation of the IFN-α promoter (Fig. 3A).
As seen in the limiting dilution series shown in Figure 2A, Ubp2 overexpression was moderately toxic to the control strain as compared to an empty control vector, while the rsp5-1 mutant was found to be extremely hypersensitive.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com