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Here we describe an algorithm which is composed of an encoding stage and an alignment stage.
Applications of these new stage systems include: an advanced X-ray stereo imaging instrument for particle tracking velocimetry, an alignment stage system for hard X-ray nano-focusing Montel mirror optics, and an ultra-precision crystal manipulator for cryo-cooling optical cavities of an X-ray free-electron-laser oscillator (XFELO).
Most index-based sequence similarity search programs involve two major stages, a heuristic search stage to locate potential similar blocks (anchors) and an alignment stage to combine the anchors.
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With increasing number of sequences and decreasing sequence identity the progressive alignment approach is more likely to introduce errors, which cannot be corrected at a later alignment stage ("once a gap, always a gap" [ 37]).
Prior to the adhesion measurements, the sample was aligned using a manual alignment stage and applying the alignment process published by Kroner et al. Force and displacement were recorded during all measurements.
Its parallelization, which can be addressed by pipelining simulation engines and a partial alignment stage within the farm, is among future works.
We chose to work with a relatively large aperture in our design to keep it simple and compact by avoiding any light-coupling components such as a micro-mechanical alignment stage or an objective lens.
As a surrogate, we aligned the sequences in stages where we used a sensitive profile-profile alignment stage to align sequences across subtypes.
The progressive alignment stage involves aligning sequences (or profiles) two by two, while following the order indicated by a binary guide tree.
The first step, we use BWA as an unspliced aligner to map reads; the second step is heuristic alignment stage, where a seed and extension strategy is applied for spliced alignment.
The protein sequences of the blaCTX-Ms and their homologs were aligned with ClustalX 1.8 (24 ) by using the Gonet 250 similarity matrix with a gap-opening penalty of 35 and a gap-extension penalty of 0.75 for the pairwise alignment stage, and a gap-opening penalty of 15 and a gap extension penalty of 0.3 for the multiple alignment stage.
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