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Furthermore, in contrast to the effect what we already described for TLR2 deficiency [2], no effect of TLR4 deficiency was found on the amount of proliferating TECs on early time points, while after ten days of I/R injury the amount of proliferating TECs was lower in the TLR4−/− mice compared to wild type mice.
TK1 activity is tightly cell cycle regulated and is mainly expressed during the S-phase of the cell cycle; consequently, it is assumed to reflect the amount of proliferating cells [4], [5].
Using a BrdU-immunostaining, a transient increase in the amount of proliferating tubular epithelial cells could be observed with a peak five days after I/R injury which was similar in both genotypes.
However, ten days after I/R injury there was a significant lower amount of proliferating cells in the kidneys of TLR4−/− mice compared with the wild types (figure 7b).
The amount of proliferating CD4+ T cells was significantly increased (from 41% to 56%) in the vitamin-D-treated group.
Due to the amount of proliferating cells within whole OS, their quantification in this three-dimensional structure was cumbersome.
Similar(44)
At day 30 after delivery to infarcted myocardium both types of CS retained at the site of transplantation and contained comparable amounts of proliferating cells indicating engraftment.
MSC cultures on PET and PU resulted in similar cell densities and amounts of proliferating cells, with retained MSC phenotype compared to data obtained from tissue culture plate cultures.
Immunoblot analysis indicated that the amounts of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in the intestine homogenates from the fasted frogs were less than those from the fed frogs, and that the amounts in the refed frogs recovered to the levels of the fed frogs (Fig. 1B).
Furthermore, staining of thymocytes from 3-weeks old animals for the proliferation marker Ki-67 revealed low amounts of proliferating cells (Fig. 6A).
The enhanced survival of grafted cells in L1 overexpressing versus wild-type cells is not due to an influence of L1 on proliferation because the numbers of proliferating cells amounted to less than 1% in both groups.
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