The outcomes of the extensive sensitivity study undertaken reveals that there is a substantial amount of coupling between the backfill and shear-key responses at moderate to large skew angles, and that the engineering demand parameters, system and component fragilities, and modes of failure exhibit a high sensitivity to the adopted model of abutment response.
For example, in Belgium the engineered barrier system is based on a considerable amount of cementitious materials as buffer and backfill in the so-called supercontainer embedded in the hosting geological formation.
It also can be seen that the Bursting Energy Index (WCF) will decrease with increasing roadway backfill while the percentage of decrease amount of WCF will increase versus the percentage of roadway backfill.
Two additional operating variables, backfill ratio (BR) and backfill length (BL), were suggested to determine the amount and injection length of backfill-feed.
A comparison with a similar shake table test of a wall with conventional soil backfill shows that the amount of wall sliding increased but the dynamic pressure on the wall exerted by the TDA backfill substantially decreased.
The test results indicated that the addition of an appropriate amount of an alkali activator such as sodium silicate can enhance the mechanical (uniaxial compressive strength) and physical (water retention) properties of backfill.
A certain amount of weight is transferred laterally from the backfill to the rock mass.
Although the backfill slurry contained a large amount of industrial solid waste, the TCLP results indicate that none of the tested hazardous elements exceeded EPA limits, indicating that this backfill material is able to stabilize and/or solidify the hazardous elements very well.
The mechanical properties of backfill bodies are the key to a successful backfilling.
The influences of backfill height and backfill stiffness are not relatively significant.
