The groups of populations geographically homogeneous are defined by maximizing Φ CT values (among group variance) and minimizing Φ SC values (among populations within group variance).
If this explanation is true, among-line variance should be greater than among-replicate variance in the ancestor, which is the case (Table 2).
The rate of probing behaviors varied significantly among both chimpanzees (LRT, X(1) = 862.32, P < 0.0001) and sessions (LRT, X(1) = 91.61, P < 0.0001), although among-individual variance was substantially higher than among-session variance (1.62 and 0.14, respectively).
Across all traits, we found substantial among-individual variance in behavior at mean ages among individuals.
Sobol' method is the most commonly used among variance-based methods, which are efficient and popular GSA techniques.
For shyness, there was among-individual variance in intercepts, so individuals showed consistent differences in shyness, but there was again little among-individual variance in slopes and no intercept slope correlation.
The estimates of the change in among-individual variance over time from the RRs for each trait showed identical patterns, with a drop in among-individual variance towards the mean age, followed by a large increase towards later life.
However, among-line variance may result from non-genetic factors; e.g., see figure 3 in [23].
On the other hand, 27.2% of among-group variance is explained by the second discriminant axis (LD2).
The estimates of within-bird, among-aliquot variance were 0.893 for acidic cooking and 1.074 for non-acidic cooking.
