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The variable E 1i is alternatively defined as indicating whether individual i has ever started a business or whether individual i has ever started a business that was ultimately successful.
When the main exposure variable was alternatively defined as the sum of 16 glycol ethers, excluding propylene glycol, the likelihood of the four respective outcomes were essentially very similar to those posed by sum of 17 glycol ethers including propylene glycol (Table 4).
Similarly, an optimal ITR assigns a patient to the new treatment if Δ(X) > 0. This optimal treatment rule can be alternatively defined as gopt(X) = I{(β3 + β4 X2) > 0} without the need to calculate the treatment contrast Δ(X) [ 43, 45].
If the primary outcome had been alternatively defined (as in some other studies 7 – working at least 1 day) there would still have been no significant difference in obtaining competitive employment: 22/197 (11%) of participants worked in a job for at least 1 day, 8/99 (8%) from the control group and 14/98 (14%) from the intervention group (χ(1) = 1.911, P = 0.167).
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We also did a sensitivity analysis where we alternatively defined "mortality" outcome as any deaths within 30 days compared to discharges alive within 30 days, while excluding patients who were still in the hospital more than 30 days after the initial admission.
Alternatively, defined amounts of bovine serum albumin (BSA; Sigma) served as standard for semi-quantitative determination of protein concentration after SDS-PAGE and Coomassie Blue staining.
We alternatively defined the Sophophora glob2 and the Sophophora glob3 stem lineages as foreground branches.
Alternatively, "growth" was defined as a positive value of the specific growth rate.
Alternatively, virulence is defined as the ability of a parasite to overcome a given level of host resistance.
Alternatively, failures were defined as all other exon-exon junctions from the same gene.
Subsequent invasion of the dystrophic muscle by another subpopulation of alternatively activated macrophages, defined as M2c and expressing CD163, further contributes to M1 deactivation and is associated with tissue healing and progression to the regenerative phase [ 72, 84].
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