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Alternative landscape futures were communicated using a range of visualisation techniques available online.
Landscape pattern indices have been discussed as tools for comparing the ecological consequences of alternative landscape plans and designs.
Novel techniques are required to further disentangle responses to multi-level drivers and discuss alternative landscape development trajectories.
This paper evaluates the economic and environmental impacts of three alternative landscape scenarios created by a team of landscape architects, following input from an interdisciplinary team of researchers.
This experiment tests three alternative landscape management systems: even-aged management (EAM), uneven-aged management (UAM), and no-harvest management (NHM).
Results of our investigation suggest that planners and designers should be exceedingly cautious in making ecological inferences from landscape pattern index values applied to alternative landscape plans.
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Stochastic multicriteria acceptability analysis with ordinal criteria (SMAA-O) was used in the holistic comparison of alternative landscape-level plans.
Our approach produces lower levels of uncertainty than alternative methods used in landscape ecology because we condition our alternative landscapes on local properties of the reference map.
The added value of benefits from the park is also higher as compared to from alternative landscapes considering just three ecosystem services.
It also addresses some of the shortcomings identified in existing literature by estimating the value of several intangible benefits, and disservices of forests ignored in most valuation studies, as well as the added value from intact forests as compared to from alternative landscapes.
At the University of California agricultural research center in Irvine, an 8-year-old demonstration project shows how alternative landscaping doesn't have to be all cacti and lava rocks.
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