The reason to consider this alternative arises from the observation that many scoring functions introduce different heuristics to correct for the scores associated with candidate peptides of different lengths.
A second alternative arises if the software detects perfect prediction before model fitting and drops the perfectly predicting covariate and the perfectly predicted observations from the analysis.
The second of these alternatives, arising especially from Pearl's (2000) work on causal modeling, treats causation as relative to a certain sort of mathematical representation.
The cognitive concepts that we typically associate with "willpower" — motivation, resolve and an ability to delay gratification, resist impulses and consider and choose among alternatives — arise from distinct neural pathways in the brain.
As 'connectionist' network modeling developed, alternatives arose to this one-representation-per-node 'localist' approach.
The ongoing construction of the biobased industry can be seen as an innovation process in which multiple alternatives arise and are tested by the competitors.
Then, the proposed optimization procedure has been compared with three alternative methods arising from the relevant literature on the basis of a wide benchmark of test cases.
Opposed by a more popular contender in string theory, and with alternative formulations arising all the time, loop quantum gravity faces an uphill struggle if it is to become the dominant theory.
The link between DNA methylation, non-CGI sequences and alternative transcription arising from our data is in line with their hypothesized role in vertebrate evolution [ 27].
Mindfulness was engendered, for example, by the curiosity provoked by the art, as well as by the group-based exploration of alternative interpretations arising from the ambiguity inherent in artworks (for elaboration on mindfulness, see Langer, 1989, 1993).
In this study, we integrated electron transfer mechanisms with a genome-scale metabolic mode to determine the capability of S. oneidensis MR-1 for MFC current production and examine the properties of alternative genotypes arising from the energy perturbation.
