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Their administration to LPS injected mice resulted in higher percentage spontaneous alternations compared to nontreated mice in the Y maze.
In the T-maze, CP2-treated APP/PS1 mice displayed higher percentage of spontaneous alternations compared to NTG or untreated APP/PS1 animals, indicating a superior working memory and intact exploratory behavior (Fig. 2F).
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However, the mutant mice exhibited equivalent levels of spontaneous alternation compared to WT mice (around 87%).
In this test, DGKβ KO mice displayed a significant decrease in alternation compared to their WT litter mates (Fig. 2A).
Total alternation is very low in the CTL group (3±3%) and was significantly higher in CR animals (22±7% of total alternation) compared to CTL (U = 30.5, p = 0.033).
However, HB-EGF KO mice displayed a significant decrease in alternation compared to control mice (P<0.05 vs. control mice) (Fig. 2h).
Main effects of treatments were observed in the continuous spontaneous alternation task, in which both CR and RSV supplemented animals presented better performances of total alternation compared to CTL animals.
This alternation compared to growth medium should also affect cellular metabolism.
When alternation probability is high, participants are less able to discriminate stimulus intensity when prime and target are alternated compared to when they are identical (i.e. an effect in the opposite direction compared to Experiment 1 where repetition and alternation probabilities were equal); this effect was not observed when repetition probability was high.
The highest dose of the D4 antagonist L-745,870 (2000 μg/kg) moderately, but statistically significantly, increased position bias in the present spontaneous alternation paradigm compared to the lowest dose (20 μg/kg) (Fig. 3).
As shown in Figure 3, the aqueous extract of A. adianthifolia leaves (150 and 300 mg/kg) in 6-OHDA-treated rats, but especially the low dose (150 mg/kg), significantly improved short-term memory, as evidenced by the percentage of spontaneous alternation as compared to 6-OHDA alone-treated rats.
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