The phrase "altered translation" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used when referring to a version of a text that has been modified or changed from its original form.
Example: "The altered translation of the novel provided a fresh perspective on the characters and themes."
Alternatives: "modified translation" or "revised translation".
Alternatively, it may be that the tumors used in the current study are more "addicted" to altered translation initiation rates (due to increased numbers of altered signaling pathways or processes) than the Eμ-myc/PTEN tumors previously used [4], and hence respond to single agent treatment.
As the amino-acid sequence is not changed, the mechanism presumably involves changes to gene expression at the level of transcription or translation, or perhaps even changes to protein secondary structure resulting from altered translation rates4,6,7.
Our data also support a model where altered translation rates and misfolding lead to ER stress and the UPR, which in turn could contribute to a loss of neuronal progenitors during development, as well as to the degeneration of mature neurons, both of which occur in mouse models of FD3,22.
These data support altered translation and/or targeted degradation of Bcl2 protein between the genotypes.
Deregulated translation initiation through elevated eIF4E levels and increased eIF4F activity has been repeatedly implicated in malignancy through the altered translation of pro-survival and pro-growth encoding mRNAs that contribute to oncogenesis [31], [32], angiogenesis [17], and chemoresistance [33].
In addition, it has been proposed that in normal stem cells interactive feedback loops exist between PRC1 and PRC2 polycomb group complexes and that these feedback loops lead to altered translation and stability of individual PRC proteins, thereby affecting stem cell function [41].
Subsequent translocations to the nucleus then result in modulation of multiple gene transcriptions, epigenetic processes and noncoding RNAs with consequent altered translations leading to changes in protein concentrations.
The proposed mechanism in which alterations in CP bias alter translation efficiency and it is this that inhibits virus replication introduces a conceptual model in which it is the virus that is intrinsically defective.
The simplest mechanism involves sRNA binding and occlusion of the RBS or start codon of a target mRNA [ 46] (Fig. 2A), however binding outside of this region can also alter translation [ 47– 48]. Figure 2A highlights several sRNA translational regulators and the natural genes they target such as IS10 RNA-OUT/RNA-IN [ 49], and sok/ hok [ 50].
The ways in which they may alter translation, however, are not well understood.
Spencer, P.S., Siller, E., Anderson, J.F. & Barral, J.M. Silent substitutions predictably alter translation elongation rates and protein folding efficiencies.
