The phrase "altered layers" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used in contexts related to art, design, technology, or any field where layers are modified or changed.
Example: "The artist created a stunning visual by incorporating altered layers in her digital painting."
Alternatives: "modified layers" or "changed layers".
In polished cross section (Figure 3B) this sample appears completely vitrified, but when polished parallel with the bedding plane (Figure 3C), some less altered layers become apparent.
A parametric study on the effects of the surface roughness, waviness, altered layers, and film size on the static bending of ultra-thin films is presented.
Furthermore, analyses by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS) were performed in order to determine major- and trace-element composition of both the altered layers and fresh host rock.
Additionally, this report points out that microhardness measurements must take into account that sodium exposure at high temperature and neutron fluence alters the metal surface to produce ferrite, and therefore the altered layers should be removed prior to testing.
In this formulation, the ultra-thin film is modeled as a material bulk covered with two altered layers and two rough surfaces as distinct phases.
These slight irregularities could be the result of exfoliation of the altered layer because of the high-speed lithium flow caused by the increased hardness of the altered layer as compared with that of the base metal.
This behavior is consistent with an altered layer 'growth' that is controlled by the ion beam induced displacements of surface atoms rather by thermal diffusion.
This behavior is consistent with an altered layer 'growth' that is controlled by the ion-beam-induced displacements of surface atoms.
Glass alteration is thus controlled by specific mechanisms depending on the solution chemistry: calcium complexation at the glass surface, precipitation of calcium silicate hydrates (C S H) or calcium incorporation in the altered layer.
In the proposed formulation, measures are incorporated to account for the effects of the surface topography, i.e. waviness and roughness, surface metallurgy, i.e. altered layer, and surface excess energy on the mechanics of ultra-thin films.
The altered layer is considered as a 'black box' with input and output parameters, such as sputtering rate, flux and fluence of incident atoms and supply rate of atoms from the bulk due to continuous movement of boundaries of the altered layer.
