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Furthermore, in patients with hypertension, several coincident biochemical alterations can increase cardiovascular risk and complicate hypertension management.
In dog and rat UUO models, it has been suggested that increased renal endothelin-1 production [ 18], enhanced renin-angiotensin system (RAS) [ 22], and insufficient nitric oxide synthesis [ 15, 16, 23] cause vasoconstriction in obstructed kidney, and these alterations can increase renal vascular resistance, especially pre-glomerular resistance, resulting in reduction of renal arterial blood flow.
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Ucp1 is a proton carrier in the mitochondrial inner membrane that mediates a partial uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation from ATP synthesis, an alteration that can increase heat production and thereby regulate body temperature and energy homeostasis.
Subsequent genetic alterations can further increase the reproductive potential of tumor cells and lead to the development of a large adenoma and carcinoma (Vogelstein et al. 1988; Baker et al. 1989; Fearon and Vogelstein 1990).
The decrease of mitochondrial ETC efficiency and ATP synthesis affects mtROS homeostasis, and alterations in mitochondrial physiology can increase the ATP/ROS ratio.
HDAC inhibitors thus might serve as a drug that acts via alteration of splicing pattern, which can increase their therapeutic potential.
This demonstrates that even modest alteration to the molecule indeed can increase antibiotic efficacy.
We suggest that alterations in mRNA expression of Hiwi can increase the risk of tumour-related death in male PDAC patients.
P-amyloid protein plays an important role in the alteration of ECM homeostasis since it can increase MMP production and activity [ 39].
Patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) often present morphological and metabolic alterations (hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, insulin resistance, diabetes) that can increase vascular risk.
A known cause of intestinal microbiota alteration is the use of antibiotics that can increase the susceptibility to enteric infections [ 76].
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