We hypothesized, therefore, that factors that modified risk for autism in the general population might alter the variance in gene expression in a manner that resembled the variance in gene expression in children with autism.
Orjan Carlborg (Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Sweden) in his Genetics Society Balfour Lecture described an evolutionary role for genes that alter the variance of a trait rather than its mean, another recurring topic of the meeting.
In contrast to other imputation techniques, this method minimally alters variance of data, thus providing the best estimates of missing data, at least until 50% of missing data (20).
The linear transformations shift the component means and alter the variances in the independent system so that each state in the HMM system is more likely to generate the adaptation data[33, 34].
The resolution involves equalizing the coefficient of variation for the numerator (in our case, energy use per capita) and coefficient of variation for the denominator (life expectancy) by adding a constant to the numerator, thereby shifting the mean without altering the variance [24, 41, 43].
Social interactions alter the genetic variance available for response (eqn 11).
Changes in reproductive variance alter the rate of genetic drift and loss of genetic diversity.
The procedure for data normalization should also be explained more thoroughly in the results section as this may significantly alter the apparent variance by PCA.
In particular, stressful conditions that accompany climate change could alter additive genetic variance within landrace populations, affecting their evolutionary potential (Bennington and McGraw 1996; Hoffman and Merilä 1999; Visscher et al. 2008).
From eqn 10, it follows that the genetic variance determining the potential response to selection in the population equals (Bijma et al. 2007a), (11) This result shows that IGEs alter the genetic variance that determines the potential response to selection in the population.
