The phrase "also shown that linkage" is not correct in written English.
It appears to be missing a subject or verb to complete the thought.
Example: "The study has also shown that linkage between the two variables is significant."
Alternatives: "also demonstrated that linkage" or "also indicated that linkage".
Our simulations also show that linkage increases the variance of the estimator due to correlations between linked sites.
Studies have also shown that data items with more discriminating power lead to better linkage results [ 11, 12].
It was also shown that incomplete data affects between 3% and 4% of SLK-581 linkage keys in the quarterly HACC MDS for the September and December quarters 2002 [ 4].
Genetic studies have also shown that different macrovascular phenotypes (as CAD and CBVD) and T2DM share a major linkage at the chromosome 12q24 locus.
Microsatellite comparative mapping data has also shown that genome homology across species of the same subgenus Symphyomyrtus is very high not only in terms of microsatellite flanking sequence conservation, but also marker order along linkage maps [ 30].
The results also showed that the linkage groups constructed with JoinMap (540.7 cM) were much shorter than those constructed with Mapmaker (694.6 cM).
Our analysis also shows that university industry linkages and inter-firm linkages lead to different outcomes.
The linkage analysis also showed that the nonacidifying phenotype is not linked to linkage group I (fwnA, olvA, and argB) and is not linked to the prtT mutation (linkage group VI) (Punt et al. 2008), as expected.
Regarding FDI growth and TOTV, the results also show that there is a causal linkage in both directions in the Baltic countries.
However, previous research has shown that linkage disequilibrium (LD) can also be measured across different chromosomes, and may explain more genetic variation in complex, polygenic phenotypes [ 33, 34].
