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The phrase "alone served as" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used to indicate that something by itself was sufficient or functioned as a particular role or purpose without assistance from anything else.
Example: "The evidence alone served as the basis for the jury's decision."
Alternatives: "solely acted as" or "only functioned as".
Exact(60)
Injection of culture medium or cell alone served as controls.
Patients whose sperm were incubated with sperm-washing medium alone served as controls.
Routinely, the brinjal plants irrigated with water alone served as control.
GST-hUev1A (Lane 1), GST-hMms2 (Lane 3), GST (Lane 5) and His-OsUbc13 (Lane 7) alone served as controls.
These chemoattractants included conditioned medium from the culture of B16F10-bearing WT and RNF13-KO lung sections and DMEM containing 10% FBS with recombinant GM-CSF (10 ng/mL); DMEM containing 10% FBS alone served as a control.
Nitrogenase activity in roots dipped in Hoagland solution alone served as control and that in the solution containing bulk ZnO was used for comparison with corresponding nano-ZnO treatments.
HBSS+/+ medium alone served as the negative control; 20 nM phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA; Sigma-Aldrich Corporation, St. Louis, MO, USA) and S. aureus (2 × 105 cfu) served as positive controls.
Media alone served as the culture control.
Medium alone served as a control.
Cells incubated with medium alone served as a negative control.
Empty vector with 2A-EGFP alone served as a control (pCLS-CV).
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com