Technology developments such as MIMO-OFDM together with high order modulation schemes and efficient error correcting codes, allow for a spectrum efficiency of up to 15bps/Hz [1].
To explore sustainable futures ('safe and operating spaces'), social processes and anthropogenic drivers of biophysical processes must be incorporated, to allow for a spectrum of potential impacts and responses at different societal levels.
We are left with two options: provide a multitude of tools and allow for a spectrum of force responses that recognize equivalency between many tools, or take tools away and have far fewer options.
Using a mismatch repair defective mutator strain allows for a spectrum of inactivating mutations, including frameshift, nonsense, missense, and splice-site mutations in drug resistance candidate genes.
Of these four samples, the most inclusive allows for a spectrum diagnosis for subjects of any ancestry (Table 1), whereas the least inclusive allows for only a strict diagnosis of autism for subjects of European ancestry (see Supplementary Material, Fig. S2 for experimental design).
The last charter revision commission, in 1999 also considered changing the charter to establish nonpartisan elections, concluding that the city appeared to have the legal authority to do so and that such a move "would allow for a wider spectrum of political views since candidates would not have to filter their positions through the screen of the party machine," according to a commission report.
Combinations of the diversity of input, analysis and output options allow for a wide spectrum of possible implementations.
We shall, therefore, analyze in detail the different sources of oxidative stress and damage which allow for a broad spectrum of different counteractions by melatonin and a specific response to this antioxidant and adaptogenic agent.
MacLean et al. [ 23] found that the EMR allows for a greater spectrum of measurable quality indicators, while summary estimates computed based on both data sources did not differ substantially.
Pollination bags allow for a good spectrum of light inside the bags as well as flow of air and moisture, yet prevents movement of particles in the size range of the conidial spores (spores of powdery mildews contain the water required for germination, and hence, they are quite large, roughly within the range of 25 40 × 15 20 μm; Braun 1987).
