As discussed above, the eukaryotic cellular environment is more permissive for gene duplication, allowing duplicate genes to be partitioned to different cellular compartments to bypass the dosage evolutionary constraint.
Gene duplication is a major force of adaptive genome evolution, since it allows duplicate genes to explore different aspects of the multidimensional functional space [ 15].
In the conventional view, opportunities for adaptive specialization drive the expansion of gene families; in the DDC model, duplication creates a capacity for complementation of mutations that impair sub-functions, allowing duplicate pairs to stumble from redundancy to co-dependency, resulting in apparently specialized genes.
In this series of experiments approximately one fifth of the eluate was tested first, allowing duplicate amplifications to be performed on each sample to allow for systems diagnostics.
∎ Scripts have recently been developed to allow duplicates to be identified and addressed following each vaccination campaign.
Among the 38SH22 families, 33 possess at least one gene duplicate allowing a duplicate copy to acquire new functions such as specialized tissue functions or novel scaffolding capabilities [ 70].
The Home Office terms of reference make clear that the privacy and liberty board will not be allowed to duplicate the current oversight arrangements including the work of the intelligence and security committee or the oversight commissioners.
To avoid any run-time errors, a certain degree of data redundancy is allowed for duplicate definition of some reused variables.
In ARLEM, units are allowed to duplicate towards the left or towards the right to achieve the best alignment score, while accommodating the most parsimonious series of duplication events.
Neofunctionalization hypothesizes that the presence of redundant copies of genes allows one duplicate to be free from selective pressure, and thus one of the duplicates can accumulate random mutations and potentially acquire novel functions [ 37].
