Study nurses and participants were not blinded to the allocation of the study clinic at the time of screening.
Twenty four allocations were initially generated for each of the possible factorial combinations of screening approach, screening tool, and intervention.
There is a strong rationale for designing risk-based CRC screening policies (i.e. intensiveness of screening based on risk) as this would, theoretically at least, permit a more efficient allocation of limited health care resources [ 22].
These barriers prevent the efficient allocation of mammography screening services and prevent underserved women from accessing an important preventive health service.
If considering the efficient allocation of resources, however, screening every other year might be a better alternative.
The optimal rate of coverage was initially exceeded in the Basilicata region when the multicohort strategy of vaccination against HPV was used, achieving an actual inefficient allocation of resources between screening and vaccination, in favour of the second.
An ex-ante determination of the most efficient allocation of resources between screening and multicohort quadrivalent immunisation programmes was followed by the ex-post assessment of the allocative efficiency actually achieved after a 12-month period.
Figure 2B presents the percentage reduction in CC cases from the pre-vaccination value of 17.45 per 100,000 women when the optimal allocation of resources to screening and vaccination is achieved at different levels of budget constraint.
Figure 2A presents the optimal allocation of resources for screening and vaccination in Nigeria at different budget constraints (i.e., the maximum levels of expenditure per woman per year for the prevention and treatment of CC) with a 20% coverage limit for one lifetime screening and a 95% coverage limit for vaccination with a 3-dose vaccination schedule.
Quantifying the future burden of cancer incidence and mortality, in terms of expected numbers of cases and deaths, or rates of disease, is important in optimising the allocation of resources for screening, diagnostic, therapeutic and palliative services and to provide a baseline from which the success of future interventions can be judged (Bray and Møller, 2006).
