Last, several incomplete elements in policy reforms such as clarity in fiscal allocations, definition of accountability measures, and civil-service reform need attention.
However, at ward or clinic level, there was generally no clear allocation of responsibility or accountability for ensuring that each patient had his or her care and treatment needs met, and there was a lack of continuity of care.
There also needs to be a clear allocation of responsibility and accountability for the care of individual vulnerable patients, as well as overall coordination of their often complex hospital care.
Although team training in maternity services is beginning to show some improved clinical outcomes, 44 such elements as role definition, allocation of work, responsibility and accountability should be agreed upon and established each shift and/or handover, as well as a topic for interdisciplinary education.
This includes a clear definition and allocation of primary roles, responsibilities and accountabilities for team members.
There should also be a clear definition and allocation of primary roles, responsibilities and accountabilities for team members.
Such joint programmes have the ability to help health cluster partners to easily define their mandates and comparative advantages which will in turn facilitate transparent allocation of tasks and responsibilities, ensure accountability (to beneficiaries, partners and donors) and ultimately reduce duplication of efforts.
Pricing will need to play the role of supporting water efficiency and reducing waste; facilitating the allocation of water between competing needs; creating accountability in water-service providers; meeting environmental needs; and securing universal access and affordability.
In many LMICs, political instability and inadequate rule of law contribute to corruption and lack of accountability in the efficient and timely allocation of health resources to support maternal and neonatal health [ 66].
With the increase in patient numbers there were more administrative duties, more supplies to order, new clinic budgets to consider, the accountability of more funds received, and allocation of these funds to specific projects/ clinics.
