In static or traditional LC tests, there is no interest allocated to the joint interactions of the learners required for approaching the learning input (Leung 2007; Lidz & Gindis 2003).
Eligible patients for whom consent had been obtained were randomly allocated to either the joint tele-consultation or the routine outpatient consultation arm of the trial.
Participants (with cervicogenic dizziness) will be randomly allocated to SNAGs, Maitland passive joint mobilisation or placebo groups.
Costs were collected retrospectively using a combination of an ingredients-based costing methodology, whereby quantities of resources were multiplied by their respective prices to obtain total costs, and a step-down methodology, where joint costs were allocated to activities using allocation factors [ 47].
A proportion of joint costs each year was allocated to the CI and FI interventions using joint cost allocation rules, which were arrived at through discussion with key informants [ 6].
Programmes and countries funded Half of the 2009-2010 funds were allocated to 'Schools for Africa,' a joint initiative established in 2004 by UNICEF and the Nelson Mandela Foundation to promote education for all children in Africa.
For example, in MaiMwana (Malawi), 25% of the joint costs were allocated to women's groups, 25% to monitoring and evaluation, 19% to the peer counselling intervention, 16% to health service strengthening, 10% to process evaluation, and 5% to research.
In the costing method we used [ 11], standard costs for units of medical care (ie. office visits and direct hospital service components) were identified from aggregate departmental expenditures and administrative costs; other indirect and joint costs were allocated to units of direct costs.
Invariance across key groups (age, gender, joint affected, previous experience of acupuncture, which practitioner they were allocated to, and treatment allocation) was examined using an analysis of variance of the residuals where the group is the main effect.
