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The incorrect options in each question are linked to an alternate conception in the assumed topic.
To estimate individual question difficulty using the Rasch model, all the incorrect response options were treated together as one incorrect option.
If the selected option was the incorrect option, the time was saved as "the response latency of incorrect answer".
The incorrect option was always a phonologically correct production that was semantically incorrect.
If you select the incorrect option, press the Menu button on your phone and select Back.
The only other effect of decreasing the number of options to three was a marked tendency to reduce the number of changes between incorrect answers given in the first test and incorrect options selected in the second test.
The correct option on each item attracts a score of 1, whereas the other two incorrect options are scored 0 each.
Participants who chose incorrect options elicited a larger N600, verifying results found in the literature.
The first version contained four options per item, one correct option and three incorrect options.
Please note that due to the penalization scheme, a user may receive a negative score, which may happen if he/she selects more incorrect options than correct options.
A total of 46 of the 60 items became easier upon removal of the least attractive incorrect option.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com