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Discover LudwigThe phrase "all peer measures" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used when referring to various metrics or assessments that are conducted among peers in a specific context, such as performance evaluation or research.
Example: "In our study, we analyzed all peer measures to ensure a comprehensive understanding of the participants' performance."
Alternatives: "all comparative metrics" or "all peer evaluations".
Exact(2)
All peer measures are standardized.
All peer measures are standardized so that coefficient estimates of peer effects are roughly comparable across specifications.
Similar(56)
Given that the within-campus variance in our peer measures is small, we cluster our standard errors by campus.
However because our peer measures are based on cohort averages, OLS estimates will remain consistent when using the three-year cohort aggregates.5 The standard errors of our estimated peer effects, of course, will be larger than in the case where entering-class cohort measures were available.
Our peer measures are drawn not only from the nomination of close friends, but also from classmates within a grade.
These peer measures are not based on individuals' self-reports which are subject to potential biases [16] but are drawn from the responses of the peers themselves.
Most of the previous studies did not conduct their analysis based on different measures of the peer group, but have rather focused either on school and grade level peers only [11] or on perceived peer measures ([7], [8], [17].
Another significant finding was the importance of controlling for unobserved environmental confounders confirming a correlation between those factors and the peer measures.
Since the grade-level peer measures are not driven by selective peer sorting [5], the similarity in their magnitudes with nominated friends under our preferred specification (IV with school-level fixed effects) signifies the importance of peer influence.
A primary advantage of the data set is that Add Health asked respondents to nominate their five closest male and five closest female friends and since a majority of these friends were also part of the survey we were able to construct peer measures of marijuana use from the responses of the friends themselves.
Like the Sturaro et al. (2010) article, we focus here on the average quality with same-sex peers because this measure was deemed most comparable with the peer measures at ages 12 and 17.
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