Multi-criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) is the most popular framework employed in previous studies on MSWM; MCDA methods help multiple stakeholders evaluate the often conflicting criteria, communicate their different preferences, and rank or prioritize MSWM strategies to finally agree on some elements of these strategies and make an applicable decision.
As radical as the respective #3s are, Brouwer and Wittgenstein agree that an undecided φ is a mathematical proposition (for Wittgenstein, of a particular mathematical calculus) if we know of an applicable decision procedure.
If a genuine mathematical proposition is undecided, the Law of the Excluded Middle holds in the sense that we know that we will prove or refute the proposition by applying an applicable decision procedure (PG 379, 387).
If, as Brouwer says, we are uncertain whether all or some "mathematical problems" are solvable, then we know that we do not have in hand an applicable decision procedure, which means that the alleged mathematical propositions are not decidable, here and now.
Thus, the later Wittgenstein agrees with the intermediate Wittgenstein that the only sense in which an undecided mathematical proposition (RFM VII, §40, 1944) can be decidable is in the sense that we know how to decide it by means of an applicable decision procedure.
When, therefore, Wittgenstein says (PG 368) that if "[the Law of the Excluded Middle] is supposed not to hold, we have altered the concept of proposition," he means that an expression is only a meaningful mathematical proposition if we know of an applicable decision procedure for deciding it (PG 400).
(Against Weyl and Brouwer)." The point here is not that we need truth and falsity in mathematics we don't but rather that every mathematical proposition (including ones for which an applicable decision procedure is known) is known to be part of a mathematical calculus.
On Wittgenstein's intermediate view, PIC like FLT, GC, and the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra is not a mathematical proposition because we do not have in hand an applicable decision procedure by which we can decide it in a particular calculus.
"There are always nuances in scientific research findings... in order to adapt research findings to make an applicable decision, and certainly when it comes to medicines, I believe the commission members must have a level of qualification sufficiently high in order to effectively exploit the conclusions," (participant 13, male).
In accordance with all of this court's applicable decisions, the tax was held not to be upon the state or its contract with the taxpayer, not upon an instrumentality or means chosen by the state for executing its powers, not directly upon the amount of the taxpayer's compensation received from the state.
But in passing upon such questions we follow applicable decisions of the highest court of the state.
