Practically all work within statistical word alignment stems from the early works in statistical machine translation done by Brown et al.[ 4].
SCARNA performs pairwise structural alignment of stem fragments with fixed lengths derived from the probability dot plot (Tabei et al., 2008).
The former consider alignment of stem cell images whereas the latter is concerned with registration of retinal images, which differs from our problem in that it requires registration transformations of another type (quadric transformations).
Vickery also had low light penetration but the horizontal alignment of stems across the water surface allow greater exposure to sunlight of the stems and the consequent development of epiphytic algae.
The latter authors justify the use of dedicated instrumentation to achieve proper component positioning, to avoid eccentric reaming of the acetabulum and varus alignment of stems, to reduce stresses on the soft tissues and to avoid skin damage like abrasion.
Recent indications are that parallel alignment of stems is rather common in functional RNA [24].
Gaitanos et al further demonstrated that a more complete depletion of the Ska complex from HeLa cells, achieved by targeting multiple Ska complex components through RNAi, resulted in severe chromosome alignment defects, stemming from an inability to form stable kinetochore microtubule attachments.
Stem alignment was measured as the angle between the long axis of the femoral stem and the anatomical axis of the femur on the antero-posterior radiograph.
On conventional postoperative pelvic radiographs, the amount of femoral neck resection (no femoral neck engagement, less than 50% resection, or more than 50% resection), alignment of the stem, postoperative offset and CCD angle, distance of the proximal stem to the medial femoral cortex, and distance of the distal stem to the lateral femoral cortex were determined.
Stem alignment was measured as the difference in degrees between anatomic femoral shaft and vertical stem axis [ 17].
