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Cartwright moved on to other projects, including the invention and patenting of a wool-combing machine in 1790, a concept for interlocking bricks for construction in 1795, and an alcohol engine in 1797.
This 2068 kg torpedo used a four-cylinder, radial Brotherhood alcohol engine to power it at two set speeds.
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The figure above shows engine speed versus power in three engines: the 12-liter diesel engine (the blue curve), the 6.7-liter gasoline-alcohol engine (red curve), and the upspeeded, low-torque, gasoline-alcohol engine (green curve).
The figure above shows how the gasoline-alcohol engine fares in terms of efficiency as torque increases.
The gasoline-alcohol engine can run at much higher speeds and deliver far more power but ethanol consumption would be high.
Indeed, according to the researchers' estimates, the cost of the gasoline-alcohol engine plus its exhaust-treatment system would be roughly half that of the cleanest diesel engine.
Efficiencies of the two engines are comparable, though the gasoline-alcohol engine is somewhat less efficient at lower torque and more efficient at higher torque.
The gasoline-alcohol engine can run at a far higher speed and power output, but it would require relatively large quantities of alcohol to prevent knock.
The efficiencies of the two engines are comparable, though the gasoline-alcohol engine is somewhat less efficient at lower torque and more efficient at higher torque.
The upspeeded gasoline-alcohol engine produces less power, but at an engine speed just over 3500 rpm, its power output matches the maximum power produced by the diesel.
Power versus engine speed in the three engines These curves show the power delivered at various engine speeds by the three engines: a conventional 12-liter diesel (blue), the 6.7-liter gasoline-alcohol engine (red), and the reduced-torque version of the 6.7-liter gasoline/alcohol engine with upspeeding (green).
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com