Sentence examples for air equilibrium from inspiring English sources

In submerged leaves of halophytes, CO2 limitation becomes severe when concentrations are near air equilibrium, due to the elevated saturation point of underwater photosynthesis (20 75 times the water air equilibrium conditions; Pedersen et al. 2010).

So, O2 concentrations in floodwaters can range from severely hypoxic (net heterotrophic) to well above air equilibrium (net autotrophic).

In freshwater floods, HCO3− and CO2 concentrations are highly variable, but dissolved CO2 is commonly above air equilibrium (Table  1).

The level of elevated CO2 used (∼800 μM, being ∼50-fold air equilibrium) would have saturated PN by the aquatic leaf types.

Depending on pH, the above DIC concentrations may result in dissolved CO2 levels from near or below air equilibrium (15 µM in freshwater at 20° C) to waters in streams/rivers, ponds and lakes that are typically supersaturated (Table  1); ponds can even contain up to 2000 µM CO2 (133-fold air equilibrium).

It is uncertain whether rates were CO2 saturated for some of the terrestrial leaf types, which can require as much as 75-fold of air equilibrium CO2 when submerged (Colmer and Pedersen 2008).

In figures that show the states of water as a function of the variables of pressure and temperature, the slope of the phase boundary between liquid water and water vapour is positive, implying that with increasing temperature the air at equilibrium will hold increasing amounts of water vapour.

Finally, numerical values of the transport coefficients of air under equilibrium conditions at one atmosphere are presented in the range of 500 15 000 K.

Values for log Koa, the ratio of the concentration of a chemical in octanol (a surrogate for organic matter) to the concentration in air at equilibrium were obtained from the KOAWIN program in Estimation Programs Interface (EPI) Suite Version 4 developed by U.S. EPA and Syracuse Research Corporation (see SI Table S2).

The vapor pressures and air-water equilibrium (Henry's Law) constants of these chemicals influence considerably the likely relative human exposures for the air and water routes.

In DC-STE, plant-air interaction equilibrium is eliminated thus limiting the number of phases involved with sampling to two (plant and PDMS) instead of three (plant, air and PDMS).