From there, it is a short step to imagining the chavista militia, armed with Russian Dragunov sniper-rifles, taking aim at counter-revolutionaries. "It is not possible to stage an unarmed revolution against this bourgeoisie," Mr Chávez told his militia rally last year.
The initiative appears aimed at countering growing Argentinian diplomatic pressure.
Under the Home Office's Prevent policy, aimed at countering violent extremism, local authorities have had to prioritise counter-terrorism.
He also formed a trade bloc, called ALBA, aimed at countering American economic hegemony in the region.
A rule was put into effect last year to expedite approval of drugs aimed at countering biological, chemical or radioactive weapons.
Just as some offenders were diverted into drug programs, some foreign fighters might be suitable for community-run programs aimed at countering their extremist beliefs.
Senior Czech officials organising yesterday's summit openly acknowledged that the eastern partnership was aimed at countering Russia's influence in its backyard.
Still, many scientists worry that restrictions may merely impede research aimed at countering biological agents and treating infectious diseases, without really deterring terrorists.
These rules were aimed at countering religious objections to the truck bombings that had become almost routine in Lebanon in the nineteen-eighties.
The brewing giant Anheuser-Busch has offered a sharply raised bid of $720 million aimed at countering one by SABMiller in a contest to buy the Harbin Brewery Group of China.
Kuwait is to raise some petrol prices by more than 80% from 1 September as part of economic reforms aimed at countering falling oil revenues.
