Aggressive encounters are most frequent between members of the same sex.
Birds not involved in aggressive encounters or threats were categorized as 'non-participants'.
As Neocapritermes taracua termites age, they develop a suicidal toxic apparatus that bursts during aggressive encounters.
Using an Aggression Rank Index, the rank of each pullet was determined by the number of aggressive encounters and threats won divided by the total number of aggressive encounters and threats.
If they are separated, swans of either sex get threatened more frequently, and come off less well in aggressive encounters.
Aggressive encounters (eg. aggressive pecking, fighting, and threat behaviours) were recorded via continuous observations weekly from 10 to 21 weeks of age.
Many species use low-amplitude (soft) song during close range interactions with conspecifics, such as in aggressive encounters or courtship displays.
In Experiment II, groups of four males were first tested individually in urine marking cages and then used for round robin aggressive encounters to assess social dominance.
Only about 5%to10%0% of their aggressive encounters lead to a full-fledged fight, complete with slashing bill hooks and flipper bashing, he says.
We used a field-experimental study design consisting of a two-level carcass treatment (wolf presence, wolf absence) to assess factors influencing coyote risk assessment, carrion consumption and aggressive encounters with wolves.
Contrary to other studies, interference competition through aggressive encounters was not observed for dogwhelk and green crab conspecifics, or the interspecific pair, and non-independent multiple predator effects on prey in the form of risk reduction did not result.
