In addition, we successfully generated female B6 founder mice by the aggregation of female (38 + XO) B6 ES cells with ICR eight-cell-stage diploid embryos.
Twin and other family studies have consistently shown a familial aggregation of female breast cancer (Lichtenstein et al, 2000; Collaborative Group on Hormonal Factors in Breast Cancer, 2001; Hemminki and Granstrom, 2003; Amundadottir et al, 2004; Kerber and O'Brien, 2005; Baker et al, 2005).
Taylor [41] observed aggregations of female gray reef sharks in shallow waters at Laysan Island (NWHI), contrasting with our finding that male gray reef sharks predominated in shallow waters at FFS.
During summer days, large aggregations of mature females assemble in shallow bays and estuaries, dispersing at night.
Nymph secretions may therefore act as alarm pheromones in aggregations of males, females and nymphs in general as well as signal immaturity to males specifically.
The reasons behind these swarms were unknown until 2000, when ecologists John Hafernik and Leslie Saul-Gershenz of the Center for Ecosystem Survival in San Francisco, California, noticed that the aggregation of larvae resembled a female bee.
Twenty-nine families with an aggregation of at least one female breast cancer diagnosed before the age of 50 years and one male stomach cancer diagnosed under the age of 55 years were available for study.
We analysed by direct sequencing the BRCA2 gene in 29 breast cancer patients derived from 29 families with an aggregation of at least one female breast cancer diagnosed before the age of 50 years and one male stomach cancer diagnosed before the age of 55 years.
Our sample set displays a striking absence of females, with 2.8 males for every 1 female, reflecting the observation that most feeding aggregations are composed largely of immature males.
However, the phenomenon has been observed before [18] and may be influenced by the aggregation of gametocytes that favours the encounter of males and females [28].
