The PCO and STRUCTURE output produced comparable results.
R code used and output produced for this meta-analysis.
We simulate the effect of the National Science Foundation being able to optimally allocate research funds for nanobiotechnology research between universities and across time so as to maximize the aggregate amounts of the three knowledge outputs produced by the universities.
Because this methodology is well-developed in the literature, I sketch the implementation in the text and present additional details in Appendix 2. I assume that aggregate output in the North is produced using capital and labor according to a Cobb-Douglas technology.
Producers are assumed to operate in a competitive environment, so they follow profit maximization function subject to production technology which describes how industries use inputs to produce aggregate outputs.
The report said the state's aggregate output, or the sum total of goods and services it produces, will contract by about $6 billion from the third quarter of 2007, when the center said the state recession started, to the third quarter of 2010, shrinking to $176.3 billion.
For all their manufacturing activity, the four coastal prefectures that suffered the heaviest damage (Aomori, Fukushima, Iwate, and Miyagi) actually produce a rather modest share of Japan's aggregate output — only 4.7percentt or so.
Much of the analysis of economic growth has focused on the study of aggregate output.
Aggregate output, prices, imports, exports, and per capita disappearance is reported by commodity and country.
Cooperation is individually costly, but increases aggregate output and growth.
The process of allowing market forces to redirect resource use increases aggregate output and wealth, thus making virtually all individuals better off over time on net.
