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The phrase "against which it operates" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used to describe a context, framework, or set of conditions that something functions within or responds to.
Example: "The new policy was designed with the existing regulations in mind, against which it operates to ensure compliance."
Alternatives: "in relation to which it functions" or "within which it acts".
Exact(2)
The flow rate through a centrifugal pump depends on the pressure against which it operates.
Just as in Newtonian mechanics one could not properly understand the notion of gravitational force, without understanding Newton's 1st Law, similarly one cannot understand natural selection in evolutionary biology without understanding the background against which it operates.
Similar(58)
Ten years after the collapse of the Soviet Union, against which it operated a strategy of containment, coercion, deterrence and arms control which had slowed down the proliferation of nuclear weapons and reduced the likelihood that they would be used, Nato seemed to have lost its way.
Oasl1, however, does possess antiviral properties against some RNA viruses, although the specific mechanism by which it operates is unclear [46].
-- in which it operates.
One possible answer is that they don't have any causal influence they are merely the background against which natural selection operates.
This is the backdrop against which the White Helmets operate – a western-funded Syrian search-and-rescue organisation whose members put their lives at great risk to save civilians, receiving only a monthly stipend of $150.
May did not give a clear answer on this, saying only: "There are various aspects to the legal framework against which the agencies operate," before suggesting she could again write to the committee to provide more information on this point.
May did not give a clear answer on this, saying only: "There are various aspects to the legal framework against which the agencies operate," before suggesting she could again write to the committee to provide more information on this point.
In the U.S., investors have poured in $62 million to LimeBike and $8 million into Spin as both startups aim to compete against Motivate, which also operates CitiBikes in New York City. .
In the U.S., investors have poured in $62 million to LimeBike and $8 million into Spin as both startups aim to compete against Motivate, which also operates CitiBikes in New York City.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com