The phrase "after trail" is not correct and does not convey a clear meaning in written English.
It may be intended to refer to something that occurs following a trail or path, but without additional context, it is ambiguous.
Example: "We will explore the area after the trail leads us to the lake."
Alternatives: "following the trail" or "after the path".
After TRAIL stimulation, we observed that low-adherent cells were less sensitive to TRAIL despite declining FAT1 protein levels (Fig 6A).
As there have been several reports of NF-κB, JNK and p38 activation by TRAIL [1], we decided to study the role of TAK1 in the activation of these signalling pathways after TRAIL treatment.
In contrast, in MEFs lacking TAK1, cFlipL failed to increase after TRAIL addition, but appeared to decrease.
TAK1−/− MEFs began to die 12 14 h after TRAIL addition (Fig. 2A), and this was preceded by cleavage of caspase 8, 3 and PARP (Fig. 2B).
After TRAIL addition, cyclin B1 continued to decrease linearly, with a rate that appeared to be not significantly different from that without TRAIL.
For the 27 cells that we analyzed, cyclin B1 degradation may be both slightly accelerated (12 out 27) and decelerated (15 out of 27) after TRAIL addition.
Population average of the normalized rate change was calculated to be 0.11±0.59, suggesting the rate of cyclin B1 degradation on average increased by 11% after TRAIL addition.
In order to distinguish the relative importance of NF-κB versus JNK activation in cell survival after TRAIL treatment, we tested the sensitivity of IKKγ, c-jun and jnk knockout MEFs to TRAIL (Fig. 3C).
PBL cultures from two individuals decreased HIV IUPM to undetectable levels after TRAIL treatment, together demonstrating that exogenous TRAIL therapy in vitro decreases HIV viral burden in PBLs from HIV-infected individuals with baseline suppressed HIV viral loads.
