The phrase "affects the ability to" is correct and usable in written English.
You can use it when discussing how one factor influences or impacts someone's capacity to do something.
Example: "The new policy affects the ability to work remotely, which may lead to decreased employee satisfaction."
Alternatives: "impacts the capacity to" or "influences the capability to".
They had never heard of the disorder, which typically affects the ability to communicate, form relationships with others and respond appropriately to the external world.
Parkinson's, for instance, has a clinical profile similar to a condition called progressive supranuclear palsy, but the palsy disorder seldom affects the ability to smell.
I like it when writing affects the ability to understand music, because I grew up reading NME and Melody Maker, Record Mirror, all telling me why some record was amazing.
Once this information has been gathered, she brings them to the lab, monitors their sleep in a controlled environment, and determines how each of the various factors affects the ability to fall asleep.
None of these come naturally to children with autism, a mysterious brain disorder that affects the ability to communicate, form relationships, tolerate change and otherwise respond appropriately to the outside world.
Broken sleep affects the ability to build memories, a study of mice suggests.
Increasing evidence suggests that a dysfunctional dopaminergic system affects the ability to socially interact.
Stroke upper limb paresis affects the ability to engage successfully in activities of daily living.
Thus, such uncertainty affects the ability to reproduce correctly the observed outbreak pattern and to detect the correct outbreak source.
As a result, although practical experiences help, lack of sound foundations affects the ability to make a lasting impact.
One issue that affects the ability to gain vocational competence follows the problem-solving dilemmas that result in redoing tasks and the slow progress in the building process.
