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The results reveal a complex pattern of altered processing of non-drug-related affective materials in addicts showing both heightened and blunted neural responses in different brain regions and for different stimulus valence.
Although many imaging studies examined neural responses to drug or drug-related cues in addicts, there have been few studies explicitly designed to reveal their neural abnormalities in processing non-drug-related natural affective materials.
LL individuals showed a marked preference to process positive affective materials and avoid negative affective materials.
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Results support the hypothesis that depression is related to impaired internal attention shifting when processing affective material.
This phenomenological study sought to answer the question: What is the lived experience of drama therapy students in these experiential learning processes that evoke and utilize their personal affective material?
However, because drama therapy is designed to work through metaphor, to subvert defenses and often to indirectly arrive at client issues, it is unavoidable that students in these classrooms will have experiences that evoke their own personal affective material.
Future studies should employ auditory affective material to provide further evidence for the generality of the emotion processing deficit in alexithymia, which so far has been investigated using almost exclusively visual emotional information.
Our results of reduced N400 amplitudes during affective priming in response to emotional music and speech as a function of alexithymia confirm and extend previous findings of studies employing electroencephalography (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) that have indicated impaired subconscious processing of visual affective material in alexithymia.
Besides, Fox et al. reported that individuals with the homozygous long allele (LL) genotype of the 5-hydroxytryptamine transporter (5-HTT) gene showed a marked bias when selectively processing positive affective material alongside selective avoidance of negative affective material, whereas such potentially protective activity was absent among individuals carrying the short allele (SS or SL) [ 18].
The present study examined processing of affective material in a sample of severely traumatized women with PTSD and varying degrees of dissociation compared to women without PTSD on multiple dimensions (behaviour, heart rate, subjective and neural processing).
The main goal of the present analysis was to assess responses to the RSVP paradigm in the following dimensional scales: shutdown dissociation (specifically that assessed during the RSVP presentation, as opposed to over the last 6 months); PTSD; and depression symptom severity in visual processing of affective material.
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