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Most of the patients had 3 (64.6%) or 4 (6.3%) affected vessels, whilst 5.7% had 1 affected vessel and 13.3% had 2. The characteristics of the patients included in the study, independently of whether they received preoperative physiotherapy or not, are shown in Table 1.
Recently, intracranial arterial stenting has received increasing interest as a modality to rapidly and effectively recanalize affected vessels in the setting of acute ischemic stroke.
Destruction of internal and external elastic laminae may be seen in severely affected vessels.
The most commonly affected vessels were the popliteal artery (64.5 %) and the common femoral artery (61.3 %).
Both conditions are accompanied by the presence of macrophages/microglia, which surround affected vessels.
The center of the vessels is found by computerised "best fit circle" procedure in normal and circumferentially affected vessels.
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SVD-affected vessels are often seen together with perivascular WMLs [ 140].
Microaneurysms can be formed in SVD- and CAA-affected vessels (Fig. 3c) and are prone to rupture [ 87, 141, 142].
Similar to the vascular resin histology (Fig. 8) these small vessel TBA extravasations and arterial/big arteriolar TBA accumulations were only present on CAA-affected vessels (Fig. 9a).
The observation of PDGFR-β immunoreactivity, in both affected and non-affected vessels, might be interpreted as pointing towards longstanding pathogenetic involvement.
In contrast, non-CAA-affected vessels presented intact, uninterrupted vascular SMC layers similar to vessels of their NTG littermates (Fig. 11b).
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