The phrase "affect punishment" is not correct and does not convey a clear meaning in written English.
It may be intended to describe how something influences or changes punishment, but the wording is awkward and unclear.
Example: "The new evidence may affect punishment in the case, leading to a lighter sentence."
Alternatives: "influence punishment" or "impact punishment".
The question of how resultant luck should affect punishment has been debated at least since Plato (The Laws IX, 876 877).
Moreover, legal or political pardons by their nature reduce or even eliminate punishment, whereas forgiveness need not affect punishment in any way.
First, the actual number of defectors in the group may affect punishment levels because it reflects the number of punishment opportunities.
Uncertainty affects punishment levels in the PGGs: for example, even if the information about behaviour of group partners (if they cooperate or free ride) is not reliable [ 17], people still punish, even though their net payoffs decrease [ 18].
D1 EDUCATION Victory for Paddling Opponents The Senate, responding to lobbying by opponents of paddling, changed the wording of legislation protecting teachers from lawsuits to say explicitly that it was not intended to affect corporal punishment policies.
Many employees are covered by collective bargaining agreements that affect what punishment may be meted out.
Most research has focused on how different forms of punishment affect cooperation levels and when and why individuals choose to punish free riders [ 3, 7].
How will their punishment affect their families and, for that matter, the employees assigned to punish them?
Statistics from past soccer seasons reveal how red cards, penalties, and the so-called "triple punishment" affect teams' final scores.
This is not surprising, given that the basal ganglia have rich interconnections with limbic structures (including the amygdala) and prefrontal areas, and form part of multiple cortico-subcortical loops engaged in reward, punishment, affect and motivation [37].
As discussed above, reward and punishment affect behavior on multiple timescales.
