Besides mitochondria, H2O2 can also affect nuclei.
Neither SR46349-B nor M100907 alone affected nucleus accumbens (NAC) DA release.
The present study demonstrated that another putative APD and 5-HT2A/2C antagonist, SR46349-B (10 mg/kg, but not 1–3 mg/kg) alone, but not M100907 (0.1 and 3 mg/kg) alone, increased mPFC DA release, whereas neither drug alone affected nucleus accumbens (NAC) DA release.
In general, we found that palmitic acid pretreatment inhibited p53 phosphorylation and up-regulation of p53, p21, and Bax, notably at later time points, without affecting nucleus foci formation (Fig. 2C, Supplemental Fig. S2B, and data not shown).
About 58% of DMSXL diaphragm muscle fiber nuclei contained between one and seven foci, with an average of 2.2 foci per affected nucleus.
We chose midbrain-brainstem samples (Figure 4A) since the dissected area includes the affected nuclei.
The corresponding data obtained for P1b-KO muscle correlated with those of wild-type specimens, suggesting that P1 affects nuclei in an isoform-specific manner.
Further studies are also warranted to examine affected nuclei using both TDP-43 and proteins marking neuronal sub-populations (e.g., orexin/hypocretin, alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone).
Nevertheless, as seen here for different cortical regions, heterogeneity of the effects is likely to reduce measured differences by diluting highly affected nuclei or neuron types with larger amounts of unaffected subregions.
Changes associated with apoptosis directly affect the nucleus and its contents, for example, in the condensation of chromatin and the disintegration of the nuclear envelope and lamina.
This, of course, ought to affect all nuclei that decay in this way.
