7 35 Similarly, it would be beneficial for healthcare providers to include non-cigarette products such as bidis and blunts in 5A (ask, advise, assess, assist and arrange) assessment of smoking 36 among cigarette smokers and non-smokers alike, young adults in particular.
The most frequently recommended intervention is the so-called "five As": ask, advise, assess, assist, and arrange.
Clinicians should follow the 5 A's of evidence-based treatment: ask, advise, assess, assist, and arrange.
Descriptive statistics were used to obtain rates of adherence to guideline recommendations to ask, advise, assess, refer and prescribe both within groups over time and between groups.
However, clinicians find it challenging to deliver all of the recommended 5As (ask, advise, assess, assist, arrange) in the context of a busy practice [ 2].
A measure of the global 5A protocol steps (ask, advise, assess, assist, and arrange) was achieved by grouping the 18 practice items into the appropriate 5A steps.
The guideline was based on the United States Public Health Service US PHSS) guideline published in 2000 [ 5], including the 5As (ask, advise, assess, assist, arrange), brief counseling by physicians, pharmacotherapy, and relapse prevention [ 6].
The physician then provided individual FC based on Prochaska's transtheoretical model 21 and on the 'five A's' (ask, advise, assess, assist and arrange), lasting at least 30 min.
The intervention group received smoking cessation advice based on the 5As (ask, advise, assess, assist, arrange follow-up) and were offered nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), whereas the control group received 'usual care'.
