The phrase "adversarial argument" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used in contexts discussing debates, legal discussions, or any situation where opposing viewpoints are presented.
Example: "The adversarial argument presented by the defense challenged the prosecution's claims effectively."
Alternatives: "opposing argument" or "contradictory argument".
"When there's no opportunity for an adversarial argument to be made, it's easy to drift into an area that's no longer reasonable.
Sometimes, interestingly, the aim of truth is enhanced less by adversarial argument than by a receptivity that holds back on disagreement long enough to try out the new ideas on offer, push them further, see where they might go.
BBC balance means that all sides are heard, but it also leads to pointless adversarial argument, the splutter and noise of two contrary interests shouting over one another (the sound of every usual Today programme).
The technique of adversarial argument clearly has some connection with two specific claims for which Protagoras was famous (or notorious).
Controversy is a matter of degree, and a consensus-defeating amount of it is not proved by the existence of adversarial argument in the high courts, or indeed in any courts.
His extant writings include display speeches, purportedly in defence of Helen and Palamedes against charges of treachery (DK 82B11 and 11a); they seem to be intended partly as examples of stylistic brilliance for its own sake and partly as demonstration of skill in adversarial argument, 'making the weaker argument the stronger' (see above).
Proposals include overhauling how judges are selected to serve on it and creating a public advocate to provide adversarial arguments when the government offers complex legal analysis for expanding its powers.
Historical evidence suggests that a divide between Eastern and Occidental thinking has existed at least since ancient times, a tradition of adversarial debate, formal logical argument and analytic deduction flowering in Greece, while in China an appreciation for context and complexity, dialectical argument and a tolerance for the "yin and yang" of life flourished.
This said, I argue here that war and sport metaphors, despite their promotion of adversarial conceptions of argument, are not only permissible descriptions of arguments but are uniquely well suited to describe the business of argument exchange.
The thumbnail version of this worry about such metaphors is that they promote adversarial conceptions of argument that lead interlocutors with those conceptions to behave adversarially in argumentative contexts.
It has become an adversarial and largely pointless argument between people in opposing trenches tossing half bricks at each other.
