Therefore, most pathogenicity factors identified so far, have been validated in only a small number of genetically tractable pathogenic fungi, such as M. grisea and the corn smut Ustilago maydis and many of the advances in understanding the developmental biology of plant infection have occurred in these model pathogens [16], [17].
Tissue engineering is a field of biomedicine that is growing rapidly and is critically driven by scientific advances in the areas of developmental and cell biology and biomaterial sciences.
Studies of twins have driven the exploration of genetics and heritability for a long time and continue to do so hand-in-hand with recent technological advances in the field of developmental programming and epigenetics.
Together, fertility and PGD screening programs as well as the APS package are excellent tools that are on line with the latest advances in the reproductive and developmental medicine field worldwide and are expected to significantly enhance the efficiency of both infertility diagnosis and treatment [ 64- 66].
A strong point of the model study adopted here is that we knew in advance the developmental capability of the antral oocytes from which we isolated the CCs, thus allowing, for the first time, a direct correlation of the transcriptome of the CCs with the oocyte quality.
These developments led to advances in the field of evolutionary developmental biology towards understanding how the various body plans of the animal phyla have evolved and how they are related to one another.
Major advances in the field of evolutionary developmental biology, such as the discovery of Hox genes, have revealed an unexpected degree of evolutionary conservation of developmental regulatory genes across the animal kingdom [ 7, 20].
Recent advances in evolutionary developmental biology show that the regulation of gene activity is the main source of biodiversity.
With advances in developmental biology, the signalling pathways essential for organism development have been identified [ 7].
Recent advances in evolutionary developmental biology suggest that the regulation of gene expression by cis-regulatory factors, gene duplication and alternative splicing contribute to phenotypic evolution.
