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Unlike phase delay, PACAP seems to be involved in light-induced phase advance at late subjective night, in a duration dependent manner, because Adcyap1−/− mice exhibited a significantly impaired phase advance in response to a 30 min light pulse (with 100lx in this study, and 20lx in our previous one [1]), but not to a 5 min light pulse, regardless of the irradiances.
All six phenological traits of red deer studied by Moyes et al. (2011) plastically advance in response to warmer springs.
For example, Boothroyd and colleagues found that it took flies 5 days to complete a 10-h phase advance in response to a square wave 18°C/25°C temperature cycle, whereas Busza et al. observed that 8-h phase advances and 8-h delays in response to a 20°C/29°C square wave were achieved over a time frame of more than 6 days or 5 days, respectively [ 21, 25].
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Kennedy, S. H. et al. The Canadian Biomarker Integration Network in Depression (CAN-BIND): advances in response prediction.
More than 400 scientists including two Nobel laureates have signed a letter stating that brain experiments on primates are crucial to medical advances, in response to claims that they are cruel and no longer useful.
This period was characterised by the establishment of the Neoglacial; glaciers around Greenland50, and the wider North Atlantic region51, advanced in response to substantial oceanic44 and atmospheric43 cooling during this interval (Fig. 4).
There were no such relationships between light exposure history and phase advances in response to morning light.Greater light exposure during the daytime may decrease the ability of evening light, but not morning light, exposure to engender meaningful changes of circadian phase.
Beginning in 1950 and continuing through the early 1980s, however, many of the major glaciers advanced in response to relatively cooler temperatures of the mid-century.
We're not completely up a creek: there is a tunnel modernization plan, called Gateway, that Amtrak is advancing in response to Governor Christie's ill-advised decision to cancel ARC.
Conversely, China's recent logging bans, although also advanced in response to serious flooding, reflect more deliberate planning under the NFCP to comprehensively address the multiple dimensions of change.
Accordingly, in Mdr2 −/− cells, the kinetics of induction of cylcin D1 and cyclin A was drastically advanced in response to serum stimulation, and the levels of the induction were greatly augmented (see Figure 1C, right panel).
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